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23 May 2024 17:21
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  •   Home > News > International

    Close-up video of the Sun's surface shows its 'ever-changing' landscape

    The video also showed spires of gas on the Sun's solar horizon, which can reach to a height of 10,000 kilometres.


    A video to show what the Sun looks like close up in various stages, has been uploaded by the European Space Agency, (ESA).

    The video was recorded on September 27, 2023 by the Extreme Ultraviolet Imager (EUI) instrument on the Solar Orbiter.

    At the time, the spacecraft was at roughly a third of the Earth's distance from the Sun, heading for a closest approach of 43 million kilometres on October 7, ESA said on its website.

    The ESA said on the same day the "ever-changing landscape" video of the Sun was recorded, NASA's Parker Solar Probe skimmed just 7.26 million km from the solar surface.

    The Parker Solar Probe measures the particles and the magnetic field in the Sun's corona and in the solar wind.

    NASA and ESA combined their missions of using the EUI instrument on the Solar Orbiter and the Parker Solar probe, to observe the source region of the solar wind, captured in the video.

    Parts of the video show coronal moss on the Sun, making the Sun appear as if it has bits of golden moss on it.

    The moss-like structures are made up of charged gas (plasma) and follow magnetic field lines that emerge from the Sun's interior, ESA said on its website.

    Coronal moss is usually found around the centre of sunspot groups.

    According to the Australian Space Weather and Forecasting Centre, sunspot groups are made up of a collection of sunspots that are part of the same outcropping of magnetic influx.

    ESA said the brightest regions of where sunspots are, are around one million degrees Celsius, while cooler material looks darker, as it absorbs radiation.

    The video also showed spires of gas on the Sun's solar horizon, which can reach to a height of 10,000 km.

    Twenty-one seconds into the video, it shows a small eruption on the Sun, where bits of cooler material are lifted up and then fall back down.

    "Don't be fooled by the use of 'small' here, this eruption is bigger than Earth!" ESA said on its website.

    Another thing featured in the video is coronal rain which is made up of higher-density clumps of plasma that fall back towards the Sun.

    The temperature of the rain can get to around 10,000C.


    ABC




    © 2024 ABC Australian Broadcasting Corporation. All rights reserved

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