After spending decades building up the largest and most diverse ballistic missile arsenal in the Middle East, Iran's weapons capabilities are now on display.
Its large-scale missile strikes have been breaching air defences, killing at least nine people in the Israeli town of Beit Shemesh and injuring five others in Jerusalem.
The country's cheap attack drones have been slamming into buildings and causing damage to luxury hotels and international airports in Bahrain, Kuwait and the United Arab Emirates (UAE).
Tehran has been retaliating against the US and Israel's massive and ongoing attacks.
At least eight countries have come under attack as Iran aims to target US assets and allies across the region.
Although Iran's response appears fierce, analysts say so far, it has been limited, and there could be more to come.
What are ballistic missiles?
Ballistic missiles are a rocket-propelled weapon fitted with either nuclear or conventional warheads.
The missiles are launched like a bullet from a gun, shooting high into the atmosphere.
When it hits its highest speed, the missile becomes ballistic, soaring to high altitudes before taking a deep and fast dive.
It travels at high speeds when free-falling towards targets and often carries heavy payloads.
This makes the missiles deadlier and harder to intercept.
But even if air defences do take them out, the falling debris can cause significant damage.
"If the missile or drone is destroyed close to a target or civilian infrastructure, then the debris itself is a problem because the explosion is close enough to cause damage," Michael Shoebridge, director and founder of Strategic Analysis Australia, said.
"If it's a missile, the thing's moving very quickly, so the shrapnel effect is big."
According to US intelligence estimates, Iran had about 14 different types of ballistic missiles.
Before the country was targeted in US and Israeli strikes last year, it had an inventory of about 3,000.
The US has warned of the increasing "lethality and precision" of Iranian missiles, which can travel up to 2,000 kilometres.
Reaching Israel from Iran would only require missiles with ranges of more than 1,000km.
The graphic below shows the size and range of some of Iran's types of missiles.
Iran reportedly launched 170 ballistic missiles across the Middle East on the first day of the current war, according to an Israeli military correspondent.
In comparison, Iran fired about 500 ballistic missiles at Israel during a 12-day conflict in June last year.
The US has sophisticated air defences protecting its bases in the region that are capable of shooting down ballistic missiles, while Israel's Iron Dome is considered to be one of the most effective air defence systems on the planet.
But already, some Iranian missiles have managed to get through.
"They've had ample time with assistance from the likes of China and Russia to understand Western ballistic missile defence capabilities," Malcolm Davis, senior analyst in defence capability at the Australian Strategic Policy Institute (ASPI), said.
"We are seeing determined efforts on the part of the US and Israel to defend against those ballistic missile strikes, but I think it's always easier to overwhelm a defence than it is to try and defend."
Direct missile hits have been reported in residential areas in Israel.
Nine people were killed and about 50 were wounded when a missile hit a bomb shelter in the Israeli town of Beit Shemesh, about 30km west of Jerusalem.
Dr Davis said air defence systems such as the Iron Dome were not performing as effectively in this conflict as Israel would have hoped.
Iranian ballistic missile strikes have also reportedly damaged US military assets in Qatar, Kuwait, Jordan and Bahrain.
What are Iran's 'suicide' drones?
The lethality and effectiveness of Iran's Shahed-136 kamikaze drones has been witnessed on the battlefield in Ukraine.
The one-way attack drones — often referred to as suicide or kamikaze drones — have reshaped warfare, used by Russia to unleash relentless, deadly barrages against Ukrainian cities.
Unlike traditional drones that fly on a mission and return home, the drones were designed as ammunition, diving into targets with an explosive warhead.
When launched in waves, they can overwhelm air defence systems.
Iran has been unleashing large numbers of drones across the Arab Gulf.
Strikes have hit Zayed Port in Abu Dhabi, a luxury hotel in Dubai, and caused damage to at least four airports, including one of the world's busiest, in Dubai.
Three people were killed in the UAE after Iran launched 165 missiles and 541 drones at the country, according to the UAE's defence ministry.
No missiles got through, but 35 drones breached air defences, causing damage to infrastructure.
Bahrain was also impacted by direct drone strikes.
Footage shared online and verified by the ABC showed drones slamming into a building in the capital, Manama.
As drones are cheap and easily mass-manufactured, Dr Davis said the weapons were likely to keep getting launched in large numbers.
The US has also made its own copycat version of Iran's Shahed drones, which it is now using against them for the first time in the Middle East.
"Ballistic missiles are much more expensive to manufacture, much more complex to use," Dr Davis said
"So, I do think that drones are going to become of key importance."
How long can Iran keep it up?
US President Trump said the US military intended to sustain its assault on Iran for "four to five weeks" if necessary.
Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) General Ebrahim Jabbari has warned the worst is yet to come, saying the country will soon unveil weapons "you have never seen before".
Mr Shoebridge said Iran's response had been limited, but there was "plenty of time for things to happen".
"I think there's an element of hyperbole and bluster from the Iranians. However, they do still have thousands of drones and thousands of different range missile systems," he told the ABC.
Iran is known to hide many of its missile stockpiles in underground facilities.
A senior US official told US news site Axios that US strikes were focused on destroying Iran's missile program and missile launchers, while Israeli strikes were focused both on senior Iranian officials and the missile program.
Dr Davis said if the war continued for several weeks, it would be "a race between offence versus defence".
If Iran was successful in holding onto its weapons supplies, the US and Israel would risk running out of missile interceptors.
"How many missiles do the Iranians have versus how many interceptors do the Americans and the Israelis have?" Dr Davis said.
"Ultimately, they [Iran] can wear down those interceptor forces, and then more and more of their strikes will get through."
Mr Shoebridge said if Iran could hold out, it may have more up its sleeve.
"It looks to me like the Iranian plan, such as it is, is soak up the initial US and Israeli attack, do enough to deplete their defence systems and then pop out to still cause trouble," he said.
"That, of course, is if the regime does want to keep fighting, or it could just soak it all up and wait for it to stop."
